Analytical Exposition: Pengertian, Struktur, dan Contoh Text

Analytical exposition adalah teks bahasa inggris yang tujuannya untuk menyampaikan pandangan penulis mengenai suatu isu. Engga cuman di artikel koran aja, analytical exposition text biasanya ada di jurnal, karya ilmiah, dan sebagainya.

Teks ini merupakan teks argumentatif yang berusaha untuk meyakinkan pembaca bahwa isu yang dibahas merupakan isu penting. Selain mencurahkan isi pikiran penulis, analytical exposition text juga bertujuan untuk memberikan sudut pandang lain kepada pembaca. 

Ciri-ciri Analytical Exposition

1. Menggunakan simple present tense

Analytical exposition text menggunakan simple present tense karena hasil pemikiran penulis yang tertuang dalam teks adalah hasil pemikiran saat ini.

2. Menggunakan causal conjunctions

Causal conjunctions adalah kata hubung yang tujuannya untuk menjelaskan sebab terjadinya sesuatu dan akibat yang ditimbulkannya. Contoh causal conjunctions seperti although, in case, as a result, in order, because, because of, despite, dan sebagainya.

3. Menggunakan internal conjunctions

Internal conjunctions merupakan kata penghubung dua argumen. Contohnya seperti further, first, second, meanwhile, dan sebagainya.

4. Menggunakan evaluative words

Evaluative words digunakan dalam analytical exposition karena bertujuan untuk memberi penekanan pada isu yang sedang dibahas sehingga pembaca merasakan urgensi dari isu tersebut. Contoh evaluative words yaitu important, crucial, threatened, dan lain sebagainya.

Struktur Analytical Exposition

Sama seperti dengan teks pada umumnya, analytical exposition text memiliki struktur penulisan. Berikut ini struktur penulisan analytical exposition text:

1. Thesis

Dalam teks ini, biasanya di paragraf pertama pembaca bisa mengetahui isu apa yang sedang dibahas. Selain itu, pembaca juga bisa mengetahui pandangan penulis terhadap isu tersebut.

2. Arguments

Bagian ini berisi argumen penulis terhadap isu atau peristiwa yang sedang dibahas olehnya. Biasanya terdapat dua pendapat atau lebih yang berfungsi untuk mendukung topik utama.

3. Conclusion

Kalau kamu udah di bagian ini, berarti kamu udah hampir selesai membaca teks tersebut. Biasanya bagian ini berisi recap dari topik dan argumen yang ditulis oleh si penulis.

Contoh Analytical exposition

Before we are going to smoke, it is better to look at the fact. About 50 thousands people die every year in Britain as direct result of smoking. This is seven times as many as die in road accidents. Nearly a quarter of smokers die because of diseases caused by smoking.

Ninety percent of lung cancers are caused by smoking. If we smoke five cigarettes a day, we are six times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non smoker. If we smoke twenty cigarettes a day, the risk is nineteen greater. Ninety five percent of people who suffer of bronchitis are people who are smoking. Smokers are two and half times more likely to die of heart disease than non smokers.

Additionally, children of smoker are more likely to develop bronchitis and pneumonia. In one hour in smoky room, non smoker breathes as much as substance causing cancer as if he had smoked fifteen cigarettes.

Smoking is really good for tobacco companies because they do make much money from smoking habit. Smoking however is not good for every body else.

Notes on the generic structure:

From the generic structure, what make big different is that analytical exposition ends with paragraph to strengthen the thesis while hortatory makes a recommendation for readers.

Thesis: This pre-conclusive paragraph states the writer’s point of view about the topic discussed. Writer has show himself in clear position of the discussed topic. Paragraph 1 is the thesis of this analytical exposition text. It states the fact of the very fatal impact of the smoking habit. Clearly the writer wants to say that smoking is not a good habit.

Arguments: Presenting arguments in analytical exposition text is as important as giving conflict plot in narrative text. The series of argument will strengthen the thesis stated before. In this example of analytical exposition text, paragraph 2 and 3 are the detail arguments presented in a reporting fact to support that smoking is not good even for smokers themselves. Furthermore, people who do not smoke but they are in smoky area have the bad effect too from the smoking habit.

Reiteration: This end paragraph actually is restating the thesis. It is something like conclusive paragraph from the previous arguments. The last paragraph of this example of analytical exposition points again that smoking is not good for smokers and people around smokers. However smoking is very good for Cigarette Companies